Encyclopedia Magnetica™

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====== Superconductor ======

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| //[[user/Stan Zurek]], Superconductor, Encyclopedia Magnetica//, \\ @PAGEL@  |


**Superconductor** - any material in a state of **[[superconductivity]]**, such that the [[electrical resistance]] is zero.[(Jiles>[[http://books.google.com/books?isbn=9780412798603|David C. Jiles, Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Second Edition, Chapman & Hall, CRC, 1998, ISBN 9780412798603]])]

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Niobium-titanium superconducting [[cable]] made with a large number of [[strand|strands]][(CERN_superconductor>[[https://cds.cern.ch/record/725531?ln=en|Patrice Loiez; Maximilien Brice, Câble Nobium-Titane (alliage supraconducteur) pour les dipôles et quadripôles du LHC, CERN]], {accessed 2021-03-27})]
[[file/niobium-titanium_superconductor_cern_jpg|{{niobium-titanium_superconductor_cern.jpg}}]]
//<sup>Copyright (c) CERN</sup>//
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In a closed loop made from a superconductor, once a [[DC current]] is induced it can circulate indefinitely long without dissipation.

Superconductors expel magnetic field to outside of the superconducting volume, thus they behave as perfect [[diamagnetism|diamagnets]].

There are two main types of superconductors:[(Jiles)]
  * type I (so-called low-temperature superconductors) - they expel all the magnetic field up to critical temperature or critical field, above which they undergo a process called "quenching" and become a normal resistive [[conductor]] (in a reversible way)
  * type II (so-called high-temperature superconductors) - they undergo a transition from type I behaviour, to a "mixed" state in which magnetic field can partially penetrate their volume, but also there is some upper limit of temperature or critical field above which they "quench" into a normal [[conductance]].

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Periodic table of superconducting elements[(Maglab>[[https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/learn-the-basics/stories/superconductivity-101|Superconductivity 101, The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, https://nationalmaglab.org]], {accessed 2020-10-31})] 
[[file/magnetic_elements_magnetica_png|{{magnetic_elements_magnetica.png}}]]
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===== See also =====
  *[[Silsbee rule]]

===== References =====
~~REFNOTES~~

{{tag> Superconductor Superconductivity Periodic_table Counter}}


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